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Steering units

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Steering unit

Pump with dispenser – this is a hydraulic unit that works together with a gear pump and a hydraulic cylinder. The direct purpose of the metering pump is to proportionally apply pressure to one cavity of the cylinder or to another, depending on the rotation of the wheels.

Metering pump device

The design of the hydraulic dispenser includes:

  • Gerotor-type pumping unit, consisting of two gears.
  • The distributor, which includes the spool, drive shaft and sleeve. It directs the fluid supply to the cylinder.
  • Two anti-shock valves to prevent water hammer in the cylinders.
  • Relief valve – it regulates a constant pressure in the metering pump and prevents overpressure in the supply. It can be built into the pump and screwed to it in the form of a valve block or taken out separately, being in the hydraulic system (such a valve is called a "portioner").
  • Two vacuum valves, which are needed to regulate the pressure in both cavities of the cylinder in the event of an anti-shock valve.

The principle of the steering unit

When the steering column and spool are in neutral, pressure flows from the supply to the drain. The rotation of the steering wheel causes the spool to turn and open the grooves in the metering pump housing itself. They block the drain and supply liquid directly to the pumping unit, which drives the internal gear.

In turn, she turns the sleeve, thereby opening the grooves to the entrance to the cylinder itself. Under pressure, the grooves supply liquid in portions to the cylinder cavity, after which the rod exits and the wheels turn. When the steering wheel returns to the neutral position again, the grooves are blocked by the spool and the fluid flows back to the drain.

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